Oral 9th Venoms to Drugs 2026

Zinc synergises with arachnid venom toxins to facilitate prey capture (145760)

Volker Herzig 1 2 3 , Shaodong Guo 1 3 , Samantha Nixon 2 , Yachen Wang 1 3 , Tim Lüddecke 4 5 , David Eagles 2 , Katheryn Greenwood 2 , Andrew Walker 2 6 , Ryo Sekine 1 3 , Yong-Cyuan Chen 7 , Chien-Chang Chen 7 , Andrew Kotze 8 9 , Glenn King 2 6
  1. Centre for Bioinnovation, Sippy Downs, QLD, Australia
  2. Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD, Australia
  3. University of the Sunshine Coast, Sippy Downs, QLD, Australia
  4. LOEWE Centre for Translational Biodiversity Genomics, Senckenberganlage , Frankfurt , Germany
  5. Department of Bioresources, Fraunhofer Institute for Molecular Biology and Applied Ecology, Gießen, Germany
  6. Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Innovations in Peptide and Protein Science, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD, Australia
  7. Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Nankang, Taipei, Taiwan, China
  8. CSIRO Agriculture and Food, Queensland Bioscience Precinct, St. Lucia, QLD, Australia
  9. School of Veterinary Science, The University of Queensland, Gatton, QLD, Australia

Animal venoms are fine-tuned by millions of years of evolution and dominated by potent and selective proteinaceous toxins that are metabolically expensive to produce. In contrast, zinc is a common environmental element and a non-selective allosteric modulator of various ion channels. We screened 85 arthropod venoms and found zinc content of up to 6.3% w/w. Zinc alone was weakly insecticidal to sheep blowflies but synergised with a range of insecticidal spider-venom peptides independently of their molecular mechanism. We propose that the weaponisation of zinc leads to a broadly weakened neurotransmission across multiple transmitter systems rendering insects more susceptible to a lethal blow by target-selective insecticidal toxins. This zinc/peptide co-application strategy provides an evolutionary advantage to venomous organisms that utilise zinc by reducing the metabolic cost of peptide-toxin biosynthesis and could be utilised in agriculture to enhance insecticidal peptide efficacy and cost-effectiveness.